Ankle arthrodesis, also known as ankle fusion, is a surgical procedure that involves the fusion of the bones of the ankle joint. The ankle joint is located between the lower leg bones (tibia and fibula) and the ankle bone (talus), and allows for the up-and-down movement of the foot. Ankle arthrodesis is typically performed in cases where the ankle joint has been severely damaged by arthritis, injury, or other conditions, and when non-surgical treatments have been unsuccessful. The goal of the surgery is to provide pain relief and improve stability and function of the ankle. During the procedure, the damaged joint surfaces are removed and the bones are held together with screws, plates, or a combination of both, until they fuse together.
Pre-op for ankle arthrodesis
Before undergoing ankle arthrodesis surgery, a patient will typically have a thorough pre-operative evaluation. This may include a physical exam, imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI, and a review of the patient’s medical history and any medications they are taking. The patient may also be advised to make certain lifestyle changes or stop taking certain medications in the days or weeks leading up to the surgery. It is important for the patient to fully understand the risks and benefits of the procedure and to discuss any concerns they may have with their healthcare provider.
Ankle arthrodesis, also known as ankle fusion, is a surgical procedure to fuse the ankle joint. The procedure involves removing the remaining cartilage from the ankle joint and then using screws, plates, or rods to fuse the bones of the ankle joint together. This eliminates the movement in the ankle joint but allows for pain-free weight-bearing and improved stability.
During the procedure, the patient is placed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision on the ankle to access the joint. The remaining cartilage is removed, and the bones of the ankle joint are prepared for fusion. The surgeon then places screws, plates, or rods to hold the bones in place while they fuse together. The incision is then closed, and the ankle is placed in a cast or brace.
The procedure typically takes several hours, and the patient may need to stay in the hospital for a few days for observation. After being discharged, the patient will need to use crutches or a walker for several weeks while the ankle heals.
Ankle arthrodesis is usually recommended for patients with severe ankle arthritis or chronic instability who have not responded to conservative treatments. It is also used in cases of severe ankle fractures or deformities.
Ankle arthrodesis has a high success rate in relieving pain and improving stability in the ankle joint. However, it does eliminate the movement in the ankle joint, which can make certain activities difficult or impossible. The patient may need to adjust their lifestyle and activities to accommodate the loss of ankle mobility.
Post-op for ankle arthrodesis
After the ankle arthrodesis surgery, the patient is transferred to the recovery room where their vital signs are monitored. Pain medications and antibiotics may be given to the patient. A splint or cast is placed on the ankle, and the patient may be required to use crutches or a walker for mobility.
The patient may need to stay in the hospital for a few days, depending on their overall health and the surgeon’s preference. During the hospital stay, the patient will receive instructions on how to care for their incision and how to keep the ankle elevated to reduce swelling.
The surgeon will typically schedule a follow-up appointment a few weeks after the surgery to remove stitches or staples and assess the healing process. The patient will likely be required to wear a cast or brace for several weeks to protect the ankle and promote healing.
Physical therapy may be recommended to help the patient regain strength and range of motion in the ankle joint. The therapist will design a personalized exercise program for the patient based on their specific needs and recovery goals. The length of time needed for rehabilitation will depend on the patient’s overall health, the extent of the surgery, and their response to treatment.
Rehabilitation following ankle arthrodesis typically involves a combination of immobilization, physical therapy, and pain management. The specifics of the rehabilitation process may vary depending on the individual case and the surgeon’s preferences, but here are some general guidelines:
Immobilization: After surgery, the ankle will be placed in a cast or boot for several weeks to allow the bones to fuse together. During this time, the patient should avoid bearing weight on the affected leg and keep the ankle elevated as much as possible.
Physical therapy: Once the cast or boot is removed, the patient will begin a course of physical therapy to regain strength, flexibility, and range of motion in the ankle. This may involve exercises such as stretching, strengthening, and balance training, as well as modalities like ice and heat therapy.
Pain management: Pain is common after ankle arthrodesis, and the surgeon may prescribe medication to help manage it. Physical therapy and ice therapy can also be effective in reducing pain and swelling.
The overall duration of rehabilitation can vary, but it typically takes several months to regain full strength and mobility in the ankle. The patient should follow their surgeon’s instructions carefully and attend all recommended follow-up appointments to ensure a successful recovery.
